Sealing agent reduces formation of single and dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis on screw joints at the abutment/implant interface.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of a commercial sealing agent at the abutment/implant interface against microleakage of single and dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis into external hexagon (EH) and Morse taper (MT) prosthetic connections. A total of 216 samples of implants and their abutments were tested. Six groups (n = 36) were evaluated based on biofilm and period of incubation (7 and 14 days). The implant connections EH and MT (n = 18) were divided according to the use of the material (n = 9) (EH-T and MT-T: with the sealing agent; EH-C and MT-C: control). The biofilms were analyzed by microbial counting (CFU/mL) and SEM analysis and photographs of the material in the screw joints were also taken. Data were analyzed by Student t test, two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test. For the single-species biofilms, there was a significant reduction in the growth of E. faecalis when compared MT-C and MT-T or EH-C and EH-T at 7 and 14 days. The same was observed for C. albicans biofilms. For dual-species biofilms of E. faecalis and C. albicans, the sealing agent was more effective in preventing microbial infiltration into the MT connection at 14 days, while microbial infiltration did not occur into EH connections even in absence of the sealing agent for both periods of evaluation. Overall, these data suggest that the presence of the sealing agent reduces or eliminates the microleakage of E. faecalis and C. albicans biofilms into the implants regardless of the period of incubation.

Cementoblastoma: relato de caso / Cementoblastoma: case report / Cementoblastoma: reporte de caso

O cementoblastoma é uma neoplasia odontogênica benigna, rara, responsável por 1% dos tumores odontogênicos. A localização mais comum é a região do primeiro molar inferior. Ela afeta principalmente a segunda e terceira décadas de vida, com crescimento lento, pode causar abaulamento cortical. Radiograficamente apresenta-se como uma lesão radiopaca, circunscrita por uma fina área radiolúcida, envolvendo a raiz dentária. Histologicamente, pode-se observar uma massa mineralizada, com aspecto cementóide, aderida às raízes do dente. Casos que apresentam expansão da cortical óssea aos exames clínico e imaginológico requerem tratamento cirúrgico por meio da curetagem da lesão e remoção do elemento dentário associado. Paciente do sexo feminino, leucoderma, 30 anos, procurou atendimento sem queixa de dor, apresentando abaulamento do osso cortical na região inferior esquerda do primeiro molar. Exames de imagem mostraram lesão radiopaca associada à raiz do elemento dentário 36, circunscrita com halo radiolúcido. A tomografia computadorizada mostra uma massa radiopaca na região apical do elemento. Biópsia excisional e exodontia do dente 46 foram realizadas. Material foi enviado para análise histopatológica e o diagnóstico foi cementoblastoma. A paciente está em proservação(AU)

Cementoblastoma is a benign, rare odontogenic neoplasm responsible for 1% of odontogenic tumors. The most common location is the lower first molar region. It mainly affects the second and third decades of life, with slow growth, can cause cortical bulging. Radiographically it presents as a radiopaque lesion, circumscribed by a thin radiolucent area, surrounding the dental root. Histologically, one can observe a mineralized mass, with cementoid aspect, adhered to the roots of the tooth. Cases that present expansion of the cortical bone to the clinical and imaging exams require surgical treatment by means of curettage of the lesion and removal of the associated dental element. A 30-year-old female patient, leucoderma, sought care without complaint of pain, showing bulging of the cortical bone in the lower left region of the first molar. Imaging studies showed radiopaque lesion associated with the root of the dental element 36, circumscribed with radiolucent halo. Computed tomography shows a radiopaque mass in the apical region of the element. Excisional biopsy and tooth extraction 46 were performed. Material was sent for histopathological analysis and the diagnosis was cementoblastoma. The patient is in proservation(AU)

El cementoblastoma es una neoplasia odontogénica benigna, rara, responsable del 1% de los tumores odontogénicos. La ubicación más común es la región del primer molar inferior. Se afecta principalmente a la segunda y tercera décadas de vida, con un crecimiento lento, puede causar abombamiento cortical. Radiograficamente se presenta como una lesión radiopaca, circunscrita por una fina área radiolúcida, envolviendo la raíz dental. Histológicamente, se puede observar una masa mineralizada, con aspecto celoide, adherida a las raíces del diente. Los casos que presentan expansión de la cortical ósea a los exámenes clínicos e imaginológico requieren tratamiento quirúrgico por medio del curetaje de la lesión y remoción del elemento dental asociado. El paciente de sexo femenino, leucoderma, 30 años, buscó atención sin queja de dolor, presentando abombamiento del hueso cortical en la región inferior izquierda del primer molar. Los exámenes de imagen mostraron lesión radiopaca asociada a la raíz del elemento dental 36, circunscrita con halo radiolúcido. La tomografía computarizada muestra una masa radiopaca en la región apical del elemento. Se realizó la biopsia excisional y la exodoncia del diente 46. El material fue enviado para análisis histopatológicos y el diagnóstico fue cementoblastoma. El paciente está en reposo(AU)

In vitro evaluation of microbial adhesion on the different surface roughness of acrylic resin specific for ocular prosthesis.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of surface roughness in biofilm formation of four microorganisms (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans) on acrylic resin surface of ocular prostheses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Acrylic resin samples were divided into six groups according to polishing: Group 1200S (1200 grit + silica solution); Group 1200; Group 800; Group 400; Group 120 and Group unpolished. Surface roughness was measured using a profilometer and surface images obtained with atomic force microscopy. Microbial growth was evaluated after 4, 24, and 48 hours of incubation by counting colony-forming units. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: For roughness, it was performed 1-way ANOVA and parametric Tukey test α5% (P ≤ 0.05). For CFU data found, it was applied Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS: Group 120 and 400 presented the highest roughness values. For S. epidermidis and S. aureus, Group 1200S presented the lowest values of microbial growth. For E. faecalis at 4 hour, microbial growth was not observed. C. albicans did not adhere to the acrylic resin. Except for Group 1200S, different surface roughnesses did not statistically interfere with microbial adhesion and growth on acrylic surfaces of ocular prostheses. CONCLUSIONS: The roughness did not interfere with the microbial adhesion of the microorganisms evaluated. The use of silica decreases significantly microbial growth.

Efeito da vedação da interface pilar/implante na formação de biofilmes isolados e mistos de Candida albicans e Enterococcus faecalis nas junções parafusadas / Effect of the interface of the abutment/implant interface on the formation of isolated and mixed biofilms of C. albicans and E. faecalis on screw joints

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a eficácia do material Loctite 2400® como de agente de vedação no selamento da interface pilar/implante contra a infiltração e formação de biofilmes isolados e mistos de C. albicans e E. faecalis no interior de conexões protéticas HE e CM. Foram formados 216 conjuntos de implantes com seus pilares protéticos e parafusos de retenção. Deste total, foram formados 6 grupos (n=36) de acordo com cada biofilme em função do período de incubação (7 e 14 dias) e conexão de implantes HE e CM (n=18) divididos em função do uso do material (n=9). Os biofilmes foram analisados por meio da contagem UFC/ml. Para análise qualitativa do biofilme misto formado aos 7 dias, foi realizada MEV. A análise do agente de vedação nas junções parafusadas foi realizada por meio de fotografias de conjuntos secionados. Para comparar as médias dos dados de contagem das UFC/mL para os ensaios de biofilme isolado de E. faecalis e C. albicans, os dados foram analisados pelo teste de ANOVA a dois critérios seguida pelo teste de Bonferroni considerando (α=5%). E para biofilme misto, foi utilizado o teste t Student. A contagem UFC/ml isolado de E. faecalis e C. albicans, apresentou diferença estatística significante de todos os grupos teste em relação ao controle, em todos os períodos de tempo. Para biofilme misto, não houve crescimento microbiano nos grupos HE, independente do microrganismos e período de tempo avaliado. Nos grupos CM, para E. faecalis, houve diferença estatística entre os grupos CM-C e CM-T somente no período de 14 dias. Para C. albicans, observa-se diferença estatística significante entre os grupos CM-C e CMT independente do período avaliado. A análise de MEV, mostra a formação de biofilme espesso com grande quantidade de matriz extracelular para os grupos controle. E a análise visual do agente de vedação, mostra a presença do material na interface pilar/implante e nas roscas da junção parafusada. Conclui-se que a presença do agente de vedação interferiu positivamente na infiltração de biofilmes isolados de E. faecalis e C. albicans para o interior dos implantes independente do período de tempo avaliado. Para biofilmes mistos, a conexão hexagonal externa foi mais eficaz contra a infiltração microbiana, independente do microrganismo, tempo e uso do agente de vedação. Para a conexão cone Morse, o agente de vedação foi eficaz apenas no período de 14 dias(AU)

The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of sealing agent in the interface abutment/implant against infiltration of isolated and mixed biofilms of C. albicans and E. faecalis inside EH and MT prosthetic connections. 216 sets of implants with their prosthetic abutments and retaining screws were formed. Of this total, were formed six groups (n = 36) in accordance with each biofilm as function of the incubation period (7 and 14 days) and implant connection EH and MT (n = 18) stratified by use of the material (n = 9). The biofilms were analyzed by counting UFC/mL. For qualitative analysis of the mixed biofilm the SEM analysis was performed at 7 days. The analysis of the sealing agent in the screw joints was performed by photographs of the sectioned sets. To compare the average UFC/mL count data of E. faecalis and C. albicans isolated biofilms, the data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA test followed by Bonferroni test (α = 5%). For mixed biofilms it was applied t Student test. The UFC/mL isolated count for E. faecalis and C. albicans presented statistically significant difference of all the test groups in relation to the control, in all time periods. For mixed biofilm, there was no microbial growth in EH groups, independent of microorganisms and time period evaluated. In MT groups, for E. faecalis, there was statistical difference between MT-C and MT-T groups only in the period of 14-days. For C. albicans, statistically significant difference was observed between the groups MT-C and MT-T independent of the period evaluated. The SEM analysis shows the formation of thick biofilm with a high amount of extracellular matrix for control groups. The visual analysis of the sealing agent shows the presence of the material at the abutment/implant interface and the threads of the screw joint. It was concluded that the presence of the sealing agent interfered positively in the infiltration of isolated biofilms of E. faecalis and C. albicans into the implants regardless of the time period evaluated. For mixed biofilms, the external hexagonal connection is more effective against microbial infiltration, regardless of the microorganism, time and use of the sealing agent. For Morse taper connection, the sealing agent was effective only over the 14 day period(AU)